Showing posts with label Mohammad Ali Jinnah. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Mohammad Ali Jinnah. Show all posts

Thursday, 12 June 2025

Fundamental questions

Published in DAWN on April 8, 1998 

Embed from Getty Images

This is with reference to Mr. Zaman Khan’s letter “Fundamental questions.” (Dawn, April 2). One explanation for the Quaid’s actions in the days after Independence may lie in the fact that he was too ill. The nation had a Prime Minister and a Cabinet, and Mr. Jinnah may have felt that he was bound to accept whatever decisions taken by them. 

But one should also remember that those were the days when the new-born country was fighting for it’s very survival. Dr. Khan Sahib and his partymen had been bitterly opposed to the creation of Pakistan, and they had lost the sympathy of the majority of the province after the vote for Pakistan in the referendum. 

Regarding the methods used to win over the support of the majority in the Assembly, Mr. Jinnah cannot be held responsible. He was after all the head of the state, not the head of the government. The courts were fully functional in those days also, and if questionable methods had been employed, these should have been challenged by the disgruntled few who were affected.

Saturday, 25 December 2021

Who was the real Jinnah?

Every year on Christmas Day we celebrate Jinnah's birthday, although no one can be sure that he was born on 25 December, or even in 1876. He studied in the Sindh Madrasatul Islam of Karachi, where his date of birth is recorded as some other date. As his father was illiterate, I doubt if he had recorded Jinnah's date of birth. A relative once told me, "Jinnah gave a false date of birth, so he could have lied when he said he was born in Karachi". 

One piece of fiction that has reduced Pakistan to such a mess today is that the country was made in the name of Islam. Not many know that when he was expelled from the Aga Khani sect (for marrying outside the community), Jinnah had chosen the Khoja Shia branch of Islam even though he could easily have joined the Khoja Sunni sect (the majority Muslim sect in the subcontinent). Obviously he didn't know (at least in 1919) that Shiaism is very different from the majority sect. Later, he didn't know that the Qadiani (or Ahmedi) sect could not be termed an Islamic sect. One of his staunch advisors was Choudhri Zafrullah Khan, a very able and learned lawyer who later became the first foreign minister of Pakistan. When asked why an Ahmedi was one of his favorites, he said, "I do not consider him a non-Muslim". One of these days, this statement of his will become familiar to Pakistanis and they will become disillusioned with Jinnah, if they aren't already (as Deobandis think Shias are non-Muslims).

Even though I admire Jinnah, sometimes I can't help thinking he wasn't well-informed about Pakistan. Consider his appalling statement (in Dhaka, of all places) that Urdu would be the national language of Pakistan. Obviously he didn't know that Bengali was the mother tongue of almost all East Pakistanis, or that less than ten percent of West Pakistanis spoke Urdu (he himself couldn't speak a sentence in Urdu). 

In Zia's days, they dubbed Jinnah's speeches in Urdu, so most of my young relatives are surprised when I tell them that he could speak only English and Gujrati. I won't be surprised if some future  government decides to make a painting of Jinnah with a heavy beard. 

Again, Jinnah was a staunch secularist (his speech three days before 14 August 1947 proves this). When he said that Pakistanis were free to go to their temples, churches, mosques and gurdawaras, it must have shocked those who heard him, as he had been talking only about Islam and Pakistan in his speeches during most of the years before 1947. Even though the Pakistan Resolution of 1940 does not once mention Islam, and even though the Resolution spoke about several states instead of one, somehow it ended up with just one country that is supposed to have been made in the name of Islam. And the way minorities are treated in the country you can't help blaming Jinnah for not giving a secular Constitution while he was still alive. Had he done so, East Pakistan would still have been a part of the country today. Unfortunately it was not meant to be.

Tuesday, 12 October 2021

Did Jinnah want this kind of Pakistan?

I doubt if Imran Khan and his cronies have ever read the original Pakistan Resolution of 1940. The lie propagated by extremists that Pakistan was created in the name of Islam is firmly believed by those who were born after 1947. The fact is, Islam is not even mentioned in the resolution, Pakistan was supposed to be a haven for minorities in undivided India (not only Muslims, but Sikhs, Christians and others also). Yet our text books proclaim that Pakistan was supposed to be a homeland for Muslims only, with the result that there are virtually no Hindus in the country (except for Sindh).

Another thing they prefer to ignore is that Pakistan was supposed to be a confederation of many states. Shaikh Mujeeb, the founder of Bangladesh, was within his rights when he demanded maximum autonomy (which then became his six points). But unfortunately our ruling elite are so scared of the word "autonomy" that anyone who even mentions it is labelled a traitor.

Jinnah was a firm believer in following the constitution, unlike the present rulers who think nothing of violating it every now and then. Even though Jinnah said that the armed forces are supposed to obey the civilian authorities, in Pakistan it is not so. Musharraf, Zia and Ayub (the three leaders who overthrew elected governments and did the most damage to the country) were proud of their misdeeds. Even today, though I don't like Imran Khan and his government, everyone knows that he's been selected to be the prime minister after massive rigging of the 2018 elections. 

I don't think Pakistan can progress if the establishment continues to impose its own people to govern the country. Generals should stick to what they're supposed to do. But I don't see them doing so in the near future and the danger is that the country may break up.

If Jinnah had known that Pakistan would deteriorate to such an extent, where Muslims are killing each other and where there is no limit to corruption, he would never have created Pakistan.

 

Monday, 11 May 2020

You are free!

Embed from Getty Images

I wonder if Jinnah really believed what he said that day on August 11, 1947 (three days before independence). He was in failing health and he would make a major blunder later, when he told a huge crowd of Bengalis in Dhaka that Urdu would be the state language. So I doubt if he really meant that there would be no discrimination in the new state, that Muslims would cease to be Muslims and Hindus would cease to be Hindus, etc. It was simply not possible, it was like a dream. We know that even Muslims of one sect cannot tolerate those of another sect, so how could Hindus and Christians be accepted as equal citizens in such an environment?

Let's see how his speech has been translated or interpreted:

"You are free, you’re free to kill anyone you want.

You are free, free to rape all women working in your fields. You are free to loot and plunder. You are free to buy junk equipment and expired drugs for hospitals from a company owned by a relative of a minister. You are free to defy the government’s order to maintain a six feet distance from others when praying in the mosque".


I could write much more, but I'm already sick due to the lock down.

Sunday, 19 April 2020

Some facts about Jinnah

I don't think most Pakistanis know much about Jinnah. I've met people who think he was a Memon (in fact, most Pakistanis who live in Punjab don't know the difference between Memons and others who speak Gujrati). I tell such people, "All those who speak Punjabi are not Sikhs". 



I met such a one in a train when going to Lahore. He was amazed when I told him that Jinnah had been a Shia. Today I read an article which claimed that he had been a Sunni. The fact is, Jinnah was not really a practicing Muslim for most of his life. He didn't know the difference between Shia and Sunni, he said that Ahmedis are Muslims. I wish he'd given reasons for believing this, perhaps it would have had an effect on those who want to rid the planet of that beleaguered community (who are killed on a routine basis, just because they happen to be Ahmedis). Today, most fundamentalist Pakistanis think Jinnah should not be called a Muslim, as he was a Shia and drank liquor and ate pork.

Jinnah was politely told that he was no longer welcome in the Aga Khani community (even though the Aga Khan was his friend) as he had married a Parsi woman (Ruttie). He could have joined either the Khoja Sunnat or the Khoja Shia sect. He chose the latter, perhaps because it was similar to the Aga Khan community. 

He did not change his wife's name to Mariam (as falsely claimed by Pakistan's obscurantists). The name on her tombstone is "Rattan Bai Jinnah" Even her nikah nama has this name. 

He could not speak a sentence in Urdu without fumbling. Yet we have a whole generation who have heard his speeches dubbed in Urdu, and they think he was a fluent Urdu speaker. Someone once said he prayed five times daily. He couldn't have, he was a Shia (who pray thrice a day).

I could go on and on, but this should be sufficient for now. 




Friday, 31 May 2019

Thank you, Mr. Jinnah

Published in Daily Times on May 31, 2019 


Embed from Getty Images

The results of the recent elections in India prove that the so-called Indian secularism is dead, if it ever existed. The BJP and Narendra Modi won after months of demonising Muslims. Make no mistake: Modi did not deliver what he had promised in the 2014 elections. Joblessness increased massively, farmers continued killing themselves, and the sudden demonetisation did not result in eliminating black money from the economy. Despite all these failures, however, Modi was able to convince 600 million Indians, mostly Hindus, to give him a second term as prime minister.

Modi succeeded because to the average Indian Hindu, he is the only leader who can solve the ‘Muslim problem’ – convert the Indian-occupied Kashmir into a Hindu majority state, expel Muslims from Assam to Bangladesh, make beef-eating a capital crime. The secular India of Gandhi and Ambedkar is dead, and will never be resurrected.

Those who were born before the partition and grew up in the early years after independence may recall how India tried everything to strangle Pakistan. It invaded Kashmir, Hyderabad and Junagadh, three states where the people or its rulers wanted to join Pakistan. It temporarily blocked the flow into Pakistan of a couple of rivers. Nehru actually believed that Pakistan could not survive economically, and that Jinnah would beg him to take Pakistan back into India in six months. Of course, he could not be blamed for that view.

Most Indian Hindus at that time thought Muslims were too backward and lazy to run a country with very little infrastructure and industry. Such was the discrimination against Muslims that the Karachi Port Trust did not have a single Muslim officer before 1947; it had only three Muslims on its payroll, one was a clerk, another a security guard, and the third a peon. Hindus also dominated the Karachi Cotton Exchange and other trade bodies.

My father used to tell me about the geography textbooks and his teachers in the pre-partition days saying that the climate of Sindh, West Punjab and East Bengal was not suitable for industrialisation. Cotton from Karachi and jute from Chittagong would be shipped to factories in Gujarat and West Bengal, where the workers and officers were mostly Hindu. After independence, it was the Gujarati Muslims who set up textile and jute mills in Pakistan. Of course, the geography textbooks and teachers didn’t say that Hindu industrialists didn’t want to set up factories in Muslim-majority areas, and therefore, the climate was blamed for the absence of industries in Sindh, West Punjab and East Bengal.

There was much more evidence of Hindus denigrating Muslims and regarding them as an inferior species. Restaurants owned by Hindus in Ahmedabad and other cities had signboards that proclaimed “Muslims not allowed.” Gujarat, by the way, is the very state where thousands of Muslims were killed under the benign gaze of Narendra Modi, who deliberated looked the other way when the massacre was taking place. Modi succeeded in the 2014 elections mainly due to the ‘holocaust’ of Muslims in 2002. My few remaining relatives in Gujarat and Mumbai were afraid that BJP and RSS activists would slaughter them if Modi were defeated in the recent elections.

Therefore, it was apparent much before 1947 that in a united India, Muslims would never get their political rights. In the recent Indian elections only 26 Muslims have been returned to the Lok Sabha. To get full representation, there should be at least 75 Muslims in the assembly, as 14 per cent of Indians are Muslims. With only five percent of the seats in India’s parliament, how can Muslims get their rights? This is one reason why very few Muslims have government jobs in India. This was the main reason why Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah tried to get more political rights for Indian Muslims, including special seats in the legislature and assemblies.

When Jinnah saw that even a liberal Hindu like Nehru would not agree to give more seats to Muslims, he had to go all out for partition. Thank you, Mr Jinnah, for saving us from extinction. Thank you for giving us a country where we do not spend sleepless nights wondering whether we shall be safe from people who want to kill us just because we happen to be Muslims.



Monday, 17 December 2018

Imran Khan's distortion of Jinnah's vision of Pakistan

What happens to a people among whom inbreeding (cousin marriage) is common? After four or five generations, defects begin to appear. Sometimes, it results in total deafness, as in a family who is distantly related to me. At other times, children are born cross-eyed and have to be operated upon to correct the defect, but poor rural Pakistanis are not able to afford such operations, so they have no choice but to bear it. Then there are those who are mentally retarded, like Imran Khan and his vocal information minister Fawad Choudhry. These two make you grateful that your parents and grandparents were not cousins.

Of the two, the info minister is the most stupid. He has said many things to prove that he is a certified moron. Once he said, with a straight face, that helicopters are the cheapest mode of transport, consuming fuel worth Rs. 55 per kilometer (less than a half a dollar). One day he said that it was Porus who defeated Alexander the great, although everyone knows it was the latter who inflicted the greatest defeat in India's history on the hapless Porus. Perhaps the idiot actually believes Porus was the winner, because the battle was fought on the banks of the Jhelum River, where the info minister was born.

Imran Khan himself is mentally retarded. Once he said China has developed trains that run at the speed of light. I strongly suspect that it was only after his recent marriage did he become aware that there was a state of Madina in ancient times. What he doesn't seem to know is that the rulers of Madina were not liars like him, they never made U-turns like he does. 

The stupid idiot now says that the late Dr. Israr Ahmed knew what Jinnah's vision of Pakistan was. He apparently doesn't know that this man was a senior member of the Jamat-e-Islami, which bitterly opposed the creation of Pakistan and called its founder "Kafir-e-Azam". If only Imran Kahn had taken a keen interest in history, he would have known this. So I suppose we have no choice but to watch helplessly while this moron does his best to break up the country.

Sunday, 4 November 2018

Not Jinnah's Pakistan

I grew up believing in Jinnah's Pakistan. I thought it would be the greatest country on earth. Jinnah's Pakistan was supposed to be one in which a liberal like me would be free to speak and write his thoughts, even if what he spoke and wrote offended the mighty and powerful people who ruled over the country. I hasn't turned out that way. Four days back, the country's top court acquitted a poor Christian woman who had been on death row for many years after having been sentenced to death for allegedly committing blasphemy. 

No one should have been surprised at the response of those who call themselves the guardians of the country's ideology (an ideology invented by those who opposed the creation of Pakistan).

I'm filled with despair. Everywhere I go, even most educated people I know want the Christian woman to be hanged. I can understand illiterate drivers and security guards having this opinion, but some of the educated ones have studied in elite schools of the country. Without reading the text of the judgement, they believe that the woman is guilty, and those who accused her of blasphemy are truthful.

It hasn't happened overnight. Even though I studied in a missionary school, there were a few even then who told me not to get too friendly with Hindus and Christians. We were told not to drink from the same glass they did. We were told to have separate plates for Christian and Hindu guests on the rare occasions some of them had dinner with us. Four years back I employed a Christian driver whom I allowed to sit on a chair in my office on very hot days. My manager objected (he's Urdu-medium graduate with two degrees), on the grounds that he couldn't even think of drinking from the same glass as the Christian did. Then there was the time a cousin appointed a Hindu clerk. The next day his entire staff threatened to resign if the Hindu was not sacked. This is what Zia did to the country, he made most of us so intolerant that we cannot bear to even talk to those of other faiths.

Even though the fanatics openly called the army chief Bajwa an infidel, even though they asked for the immediate execution of the three judges and even though they demanded the overthrow of the civilian government, no action was taken. Ultimately, the government of Imran Khan capitulated, in what can only be called a shameless surrender (very much like the surrender of East Pakistan to the enemy in 1971).
And in the midst of all this, with both the army and the police acting like impotent cowards, one man proved that the loonies on the streets can be defeated. After being stranded on the highway for hours, he lost his temper, took out his klashnikov, and indulged in aerial firing. The mob dispersed immediately. The army chief should see the video of this incident instead of saying that he can't fire upon his own people. Apparently, in his opinion, the protesting Pathans in the north are not Pakistanis. He should remember that in 1971, Bengalis were not considered true Pakistanis, and that mindset ultimately led to the dismemberment of the country. The country is on the road to another break-up.

Sunday, 9 September 2018

Jinnah's so-called joint defence pact offer to India

‘Defence pact’ 


Published in Dawn on September 9th, 2018

THIS is with reference to the letter ‘Quaid on Indo-Pak joint defence’ (Sept 6). As far as I know, Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah never made any such offer to India. 

It would have made no sense since Pakistan and India were already involved in hostilities at the time, and there was no threat to either country from any other power. 

It was Ayub Khan who offered a joint defence pact to India. Mohtarma Fatima Jinnah was the most vocal critic of this offer. 

If the Quaid had ever made a joint defence offer to India, she would not have opposed Ayub Khan in this matter.

Shakir Lakhani

Karachi

https://www.dawn.com/news/1431843/defence-pact

Sunday, 29 April 2018

Which came first, Independence or the Kashmir dispute?

One popular misconception among Pakistanis (and many Indians, for that matter) is that Britain deliberately divided the subcontinent. Nothing could be further from the truth. Britain's viceroy Mountbatten tried his best to convince Mr. Jinnah that Pakistan would never be able to survive. Even Nehru said, "Let them have their Pakistan, in six months they'll be back, begging to be taken back into India". He had been deceived by the propaganda of his own advisers, much like today, when rabid Hindu Indians are convinced that Pakistan would never have survived without foreign aid. 

Today's generation, of course, does not know much of history, except the doctored version taught in  schools (of both countries). So they do not know that before the two countries became independent, and the British became convinced that it could not prevent Pakistan from happening, they handed over Gurdaspur (which rightfully belonged to Pakistan) to India. Even the D.C. of Gurdaspur was shocked, because he had raised Pakistan's flag on 15 August 1947. This, by the way, is another thing those Pakistanis born after 1947 don't know, that for the first two or three years after 1947, Independence Day was celebrated on August 15.

So, it is obvious that the Kashmir dispute was planned before the two countries became independent, to ensure that there would be no peace between the two countries and they would always be at war with each other.

Sunday, 20 August 2017

If Jinnah could see Pakistan today, what would he say?

Published in  the Express Tribune blogs on August 20, 2017
If Muhammad Ali Jinnah came back from the grave and saw the sorry state of the country he had created, what would he say?

He would be shocked to see that the Pakistan of 1947 had been broken into two, with East Pakistan (where his beloved Muslim League was founded) no longer a part of Pakistan.

He would see a country on the brink of an economic collapse, with the dollar (which was equal to the rupee in value in 1947) now worth Rs107.

He would see fruits and other edibles from New Zealand and other countries selling at prices beyond the reach of the common man in a land which once had the potential of being the granary of Asia.

He would see an innocent nine-year-old child killed by vehicles in a large rally led by a discredited politician. Moreover, he would see the poor victim being labelled a “martyr” for democracy by the heartless beasts who were responsible for his death.

He would be amazed to hear calls for putting the Constitution under abeyance, he who was the greatest constitutional lawyer of his times.

The magnitude of corruption would have shocked him, as he had said time and again that it was necessary to eliminate corruption for the new country to progress.
He would be shocked to see the hooliganism of the rowdy and undisciplined lawyers who attack judges.
He would be appalled to see the poverty of millions of Pakistanis who do not earn enough to feed their families and who desperately try to survive on less than a hundred rupees a day.

It would break his heart to see the state of our schools, where most teachers are absent except on the days when they turn up to collect their salaries.

And he would be filled with horror at the state of our hospitals, with the poor waiting in long lines to be attended to by ill-trained doctors, while our corrupt leaders rush abroad to get treated for the slightest of ailments.

He would see the huge palaces and mansions of the rich and the corrupt, but with beggars streaming our streets and roads, and he would be filled with despair.
He would see that those who opposed the creation of Pakistan (and who called him “Kafir-e-Azam”) are now the guardians of its ideology (as defined by them). As a result, intolerance is so high that even he would not be considered by such people to be a Muslim.

He would see Christians and other minorities being routinely charged with blasphemy (and being burnt alive). He would see Muslims being killed because their beliefs are different from those of their killers, who believe that only they are true Muslims.

He would remember what he had told the citizens of the country he had created:
“You are free; you are free to go to your temples. You are free to go to your mosques or to any other places of worship in this State of Pakistan. You may belong to any religion, caste or creed—that has nothing to do with the business of the state.”
He would see girls as young as 11-years-old being married off to men old enough to be their grandfathers. The jirga system, the punishment of women for the sins of their male relatives, helpless women being stripped naked, gang-raped and made to walk in public would have shocked him to no end.

He would see rampant loot and plunder of the country, with shameless members of provincial ruling parties passing legislations to prevent the National Accountability Bureau (NAB) from investigating their corruption.

And he would see the city of his birth (Karachi) sinking under heaps of garbage and its residents being slowly poisoned by air and water pollution.

And Jinnah would have wept because present-day Pakistan is so utterly and so horribly different from the country he had wanted it to be.
https://blogs.tribune.com.pk/story/55211/if-jinnah-could-see-pakistan-today-what-would-he-say/



Saturday, 22 July 2017

Quaid’s mausoleum may soon be replaced by high-rises, and we’re not doing anything about it

Published in The Express Tribune blog on July 21, 2017 

They decided to demolish the mausoleum and use the land to make many high rise residential and commercial buildings on it. I suppose it shouldn’t come as a surprise that the present Sindh government, like its predecessors, is also selling whatever open land is left in Karachi to interested developers.

I’m referring to the most recent scandal, the selling of 30 acres of land meant for the Horticultural Society to the builders’ mafia at a price which is about 1% of its actual value. I wonder if they have ever thought of the fact that one day, all the open spaces in Karachi will be gobbled up and replaced with shopping malls and commercial plazas, and they will have nothing left to sell.

So if a man is struck on the head today in an accident, goes into a coma and wakes up about 30 years later (in 2050), what will he see when he drives around the city?

The first thing he will note is that all the parks have disappeared, the National Stadium has been replaced with 10 very tall residential buildings, and the Safari Park and the zoo no longer exist. But he is shocked when he sees that the Quaid-e-Azam’s mausoleum has vanished and has been replaced by 30 high rise shopping malls.

“What’s this?” he asks his grandson, “Where is Jinnah’s tomb? It used to be here.”

“No, it was always in Thatta,” says the young man.

“It was right here!” The old man insists.

The grandson whips out his smart phone and Googles ‘Jinnah’s tomb’ and shows him the result. The old man sees that it’s the same structure that used to be in Karachi, but Google clearly states that it is in Thatta. His eyes are full of tears and he is determined to get to the bottom of the mystery.

Over the next few days, he starts looking for those he used to know before his accident, his juniors and assistants who had been working in the Sindh secretariat before his accident. He bumps into one of them who retired 20 years back and is there to collect his monthly pension. The man is surprised to see him.

Over a cup of tea, he agrees to reveal everything he knows but begs the old man not to say anything about it to anyone, as it is a crime to even talk about it.

“It happened about 25 years ago, when the rulers began running out of money as there was no land available to sell to builders in order to construct more buildings. So they decided to demolish the mausoleum and use the land to make many high rise residential and commercial buildings on it. They got the mazaar (mausoleum) declared a dangerous building and got it demolished. It took only three days for the structure to crumble and another three days for the rubble to be shifted to Thatta. I remember they used a thousand trucks to do it.”

“But what about the media and the social society activists?” the old man asks. “Surely they would have objected?”

“Oh, they were told another mausoleum would be built in its place, so they were pacified. They knew that it had taken 25 years to build the original structure, so they came to terms with the idea that it would take many years for the new structure to come up. In the meantime, the rulers got an identical monument constructed in Thatta.

Then, they went on to state that this was the original Quaid’s mazaar in school textbooks. It reminded me of the time when they printed that the Quaid’s birthplace was in Jhirruck, near Thatta in some other textbook.”

“But what about those who lived in other cities?” the old man asks. “What about the government in Islamabad? Surely they would have known what was going on.”

“Everyone has a price. Of those 30 buildings, one was given to the rulers in Islamabad, another to those in Karachi, hundreds of shops and apartments were gifted to government employees, media persons and all those who asked awkward questions. Soon it was made a crime for anyone to talk about the scandal and a whole new generation has grown up believing that the great leader’s last resting place is in Thatta.”
So how should I end?
Seeing how shameless and unscrupulous Karachi’s rulers are, I am sure the aforementioned narrative is entirely possible that the Quaid’s mausoleum will be pulled down one day and all the land will be sold to the builders’ mafia in order to construct more buildings.


Engineer, former visiting lecturer at NED Engineering College, industrialist, associated with petroleum/chemical industries for many years. Loves writing, and (in the opinion of most of those who know him), mentally unbalanced. He tweets @shakirlakhani (twitter.com/shakirlakhani

Saturday, 20 May 2017

If Jinnah never asked Ruttie to change her name to Maryam, why did you, Pakistan?

Published in The Express Tribune blogs on May 19, 2017
 
Rattanbai "Ruttie" Petit. Those of us who were born before Partition know that Muhammad Ali Jinnah could not speak Urdu, except perhaps a few broken sentences. His speeches were always in English, sometimes with a translator to make the crowds understand what he was saying. But sometime in the 1980s, the government dubbed all his speeches in Urdu, apparently under pressure from those who thought a highly westernised Jinnah would make today’s youth doubt that he wanted an Islamic state.

One result of this is that an entire generation of Pakistanis have grown up believing that Jinnah was fluent in Urdu, and always dressed in a sherwani instead of the western clothes he always wore. Even our currency notes show him wearing a sherwani, which he donned on very few occasions after independence.

This is, of course, all due to the fear among the so-called defenders of the country’s ideology that somehow our people will stop believing that the country’s founder looked, dressed and spoke like an Englishman. Of course, these same defenders of the country’s ideology belong to those religious parties which strenuously opposed the creation of Pakistan and even used to call Mr Jinnah ‘Kafir e Azam’. Fortunately, Mr Jinnah was always clean-shaven, but that will not deter these elements from pasting a beard on his photos anytime soon, seeing how rapidly the country’s youth is being radicalised.

But these hardliners were not satisfied with just changing the image of the country’s founder. They saw that his wife, Ruttie Jinnah, was highly westernised as well. Hence they thought of making her appear as a pious Muslim and the first thing they did was change her name to Maryam.

This was supposed to have happened after her conversion to Islam at the time of her marriage to Jinnah. They thought if young people today knew that Jinnah did not get his wife’s name changed to a Muslim name at the time of their marriage, they would think he could not have been a staunch Muslim. So they got this piece of disinformation (about Ruttie’s name being changed to Maryam) inserted in Wikipedia and our school textbooks, again making a whole generation of Pakistanis believing another lie.

For those who may not know, the name change has to be done before marriage, so that the new name is recorded in the marriage documents. In the 1960s, a Muslim woman married the scion of a well-known Hindu family in Karachi. Before the marriage was solemnised, the man was converted and given a Muslim name, after which the nikkah was performed. In Ruttie’s case, this was not necessary because her name (meaning jewel) was common amongst Gujrati Muslims of those times.

But apparently, our ideologues did not know this, and decided to give her what they thought was a good Muslim name. And because she already had a Muslim name, Mr Jinnah did not think it necessary to ask her to change her name when he married her. Which is why in his marriage certificate, the name of the bride is stated to be Ratanbai.

For the record, this changing of Ruttie’s name has not been mentioned in any newspaper or periodical published at the time, neither has it been verified or authenticated by any credible source. Moreover, she always signed her letters “Ruttie”, and in one of her letters which she wrote to Jinnah four months before her death, she ends with the words, “Darling goodnight and goodbye. Ruttie”

Finally, the most authentic piece of evidence that Ruttie did not change her name is her tombstone, which has the name Ratanbai engraved on it. Jinnah frequently visited her grave and the last time he did so was just before the Partition(19 years after her death). Surely he would have gotten the name on the tombstone changed to Maryam if that was her name. The fact that he did not do so proves that there was no change of name, and his wife lived and died as Ruttie Jinnah.


Engineer, former visiting lecturer at NED Engineering College, industrialist, associated with petroleum/chemical industries for many years. Loves writing, and (in the opinion of most of those who know him), mentally unbalanced. He tweets @shakirlakhani (twitter.com/shakirlakhani)

https://blogs.tribune.com.pk/story/49959/if-jinnah-never-asked-ruttie-to-change-her-name-to-maryam-why-did-you-pakistan/

Friday, 22 April 2016

Sorry, Mr Jinnah, we had to ruin your beloved Pakistan

Published in The Express Tribune blogs o April 20, 2016 

You wanted Pakistan to be a state where we would be free; free to go to our mosques, temples and churches, but today it is a country where many are free to bomb places of worship. You said there would be no difference between Hindus, Christians and Muslims, but today Pakistan’s Muslims are killing each other (as well as Hindus and Christians) because they cannot tolerate those whose beliefs are different from theirs.

Your Pakistan would have been a model democracy, but 10 years after your death, a military dictator took over the reins of the country, and we hailed him as a saviour. After the first free and fair elections in 1970, we watched helplessly as a demagogue refused to accept the winner of the polls as prime minister, which led to the dismemberment of your beloved country. Later, other dictators came and did their best to damage the country you created.

You created Pakistan because you feared that Muslims would have no rights in a Hindu-dominated India. But today, the country is ruled not by Hindus, but by a feudal class which considers itself above the law and flagrantly refuses to pay its due share of taxes (but decides how much tax honest taxpayers should pay).

When you were dying, Mr Jinnah, your doctors advised you to go to London for treatment, but you refused because your country was poor and because you loved its people. Today, Mr Jinnah, every member of parliament is allowed to go abroad for medical treatment for the slightest of ailments (like constipation and diarrhoea). You did not take a salary even though you were working day and night, but today our politicians have looted the country and bought palaces in foreign countries, and we can do nothing about it.

You’ll be shocked to hear, Mr Jinnah, that the kind of people who called you ‘Kafir-e-Azam’ (the great infidel) have appointed themselves guardians of Pakistan’s ideology (even though they bitterly opposed the creation of Pakistan). These men thought you should be portrayed in their image, so they have dubbed your speeches in Urdu, a language which you could not speak. They changed the name of your wife to Maryam, even though your marriage certificate and her tombstone say her name is Rattan Bai. Some of them even changed the place of your birth to an obscure town in Sindh, even though you yourself said on many occasions that you were born in Karachi. We won’t be surprised if in future they remove all your portraits and show you as a heavily bearded man in an attempt to prove that you were like them.

In today’s Pakistan, Mr Jinnah, only one per cent of the population pays income tax. There are regions which refuse to pay customs duty and taxes on smuggled cars, the country’s industries are on the verge of collapse due to rampant smuggling, and the government cannot impose its writ and recover taxes from such elements (because practically everyone in the government is highly corrupt). The streets of your beloved Karachi are not safe, and we consider it a miracle if we arrive home safely every evening without being mugged or robbed (even though, as you said, the first duty of every government is the maintenance of law and order).

You said that no nation can progress if its women don’t work, yet today the Pakistani working woman is not safe. The mullahs say her place is in the home and she has to bear as many children as she can. And if, God forbid, she is raped (something that happens every day), she can be charged with adultery if she goes to the police, as she can’t produce four male witnesses to the crime. In fact, one religious leader even advised rape victims to remain silent and say nothing (because in his version of the true religion, that is what has been ordained).

We do not know if it is true that you called Pakistan the greatest blunder of your life, as you lay dying in Karachi, but over the years we have done our best to make it come true.

Shakir Lakhani

https://blogs.tribune.com.pk/story/33976/sorry-mr-jinnah-we-had-to-ruin-your-beloved-pakistan/

Tuesday, 14 October 2014

You can't compare Imran with Jinnah!

Imran and Jinnah


Published in Daily Times on October 14, 2014

Sir: With reference to the article “Imran Khan is no Jinnah” (Daily Times, October 10, 2014), I’m amazed that the writer could even think of comparing a power-hungry person like our ex-cricketer Imran Khan with the founder of our nation, Jinnah. If at all there is a need to compare this Taliban sympathiser to any leader; it should be Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who was so eager to become the prime minister of the country that he refused to acknowledge the winner of the 1970s elections and to hand over power to Mujeebur Rehman. We know what happened as a result of this stubborn and arrogant attitude; the country was dismembered. Imran Khan’s attitude is similar to Bhutto’s. The country be damned as long as he gets to be the prime minister.

SHAKIR LAKHANI

Karachi

Saturday, 5 July 2014

The houses that Jinnah built

Published in Daily Times on July 5, 2014


Sir: This is with reference to the article “The houses that Jinnah built” (Daily Times, June 17, 2014), Dr Ishtiaq Ahmed says, “It is possible that Jinnah simply dissociated himself from Ismailism without formally abjuring that creed.” The fact is that the followers of the Aga Khan were bound to marry within the community. Any Aga Khani Ismaili marrying a non-member of the sect was expelled (even though the Quaid was a good friend of the then Aga Khan, who was incidentally the first president of the All-India Muslim League). Mr Jinnah was then invited by both Sunni Khojas as well as the Khoja Ishna Asharis to join them. For reasons best known to Jinnah, he chose the latter community.

SHAKIR LAKHANI

Karachi

Wednesday, 20 March 2013

Mr. Jinnah's Pakistan

Published in The Express Tribune on March 21, 2013.

KARACHI: This is with reference to the article “Jinnah’s Pakistan” by Yaqoob Khan Bangash (March 18). As the writer has stated, Mr Jinnah indeed wanted a country based on Islamic principles, but his interpretation of Islam did not entail extremists being allowed to run the country. In one of his speeches, he clearly stated, “ … Pakistan is not going to be a theocratic state to be ruled by priests with a divine mission …” He would certainly have disagreed with the Taliban’s version of Islam or even its interpretation by our religious leaders.

Mr Jinnah created Pakistan solely because he feared that in an undivided India, Muslims would always be dominated by the majority (Hindus) and could eventually lose their identity. In fact, in the view of religious scholars like Maulana Abul Ala Maududi, Mr Jinnah was so liberal and secular that the name Kafir-e-Azam was coined for him. In his first cabinet, there was a Hindu minister. The first foreign minister, Sir Zafrullah Khan, was an Ahmadi (something which religious leaders even in those days could never have tolerated had they been in power). As far as the dismissal of Dr Khan’s government is concerned, the decision was taken by the cabinet headed by the prime minister. Mr Jinnah was too sick at the time to even be consulted over such a move.

Shakir Lakhani

https://tribune.com.pk/story/523785/jinnahs-pakistan-2/

Tuesday, 30 June 2009

Anyone named Jinnah can fool the government

Published in Dawn on July 2, 2009

According to a news item in DAWN (30th June), someone named Aslam Jinnah claiming to be Mr. Jinnah’s great grandson said that he is satisfied with the facilities and help provided to him by the government. I wonder why the government employs nincompoops who don’t even know the meaning of “great grandson” (leave alone “grandson”). The Quaid had only one child (Dina Wadia) whose son Nusli Wadia (the only grandson of Mr. Jinnah) lives in India. So the Quaid’s great grandson would be Mr. Wadia’s son and would bear the surname “Wadia” instead of “Jinnah”. Yet without asking the so-called great grandson (Aslam Jinnah) to prove his credentials, the government has provided him with a house, a car and Rs. 50,000 per month of public money. The bureaucrats who approved these payments and facilities should be made to pay for them from their own pockets. This is the only way they will learn to be careful if in future someone with the surname “Jinnah” turns up in Islamabad and asks for financial help.

SHAKIR LAKHANI

Friday, 1 May 2009

Jinnah's grandsons

Quaid’s great grandson


Published in Dawn on June 20, 2006

THIS is with reference to the news item “Assassins of Quaid’s great grandson convicted” (June 17). By definition, a great grandson is the son of a grandson. Mr Jinnah had only one child (Dina Wadia) whose son (Neville Wadia) is living in India. Mr Wadia’s son would, therefore, be the Quaid’s great grandson. Consequently, Mr Jinnah’s great grandson would have the surname Wadia, and not Jinnah. The late Sikander Jinnah was, therefore, not the great grandson of the Quaid.

SHAKIR LAKHANI

Karachi

Monday, 12 January 2009

Jinnah & Jherruck


Published in The News January 13, 2009

This is with reference to an article "Jinnah was born here" in published in your newspaper on Jan 11. Even though Jinnah himself said that his birthplace was Karachi and Fatima Jinnah said that he was born in Kharadar (in Karachi), there are people who still think otherwise. If, as the writer claims, Jinnah's maternal grandparents were from Jherruk, and his mother went there to give birth, it follows that she (and therefore Mr Jinnah) should have been able to speak Sindhi. But it is well-known that the Quaid could speak only two languages (English and Gujarati). This can be confirmed by those who had close contact with him (like Mr Syed Sharifuddin Pirzada).

I am reminded of a similar controversy regarding Mr L K Advani (whose place of birth was said to be Advani Mohalla in Hyderabad). When he came to Karachi a couple of years ago, he visited the house in which he was born (near Quaid's mazar in Karachi). This was shown on most TV channels. Despite this, I know people in Hyderabad who believe that he was born in a house in Advani Mohalla in Hyderabad. And so it was with the founder of the nation: just because someone inserted a piece of disinformation in a Sindhi textbook in the early years after partition, thousands of people in the rural areas of the province would continue to believe that Jherruk was his birthplace. Under such circumstances, I won't be surprised if someone in future claims that the Quaid is buried in a tomb somewhere in Jherruk (and not in the mausoleum in Karachi). After all, anything is possible in Pakistan.

Shakir Lakhani